Some of these cookies are essential, while others help us to improve your experience by providing insights into how the site is being used.
For more detailed information please check our Cookie notice.
Necessary cookies
Necessary cookies enable core functionality. This website cannot function properly without these cookies.
Cookies that measure website use
If you provide permission, we will use Google Analytics to measure how you use the website so we can improve it based on our understanding of user needs. Google Analytics sets cookies that store anonymised information about how you got to the site, the pages you visit, how long you spend on each page and what you click on while you're visiting the site.
*) Here for each country the year of the start of the transition from the communist plan economy to a market economy is inserted.
For Latvia the agreed year of this transition is 1991, for all other countries it is 1989.
For Cyprus, MM114 is not asked since such a transition did not take place there.
Universe
Managers and employees from establishments based in the EU, with 10 or more employees;Cross-national; National
Sampling
See documentation for details.
Study Type
Repeated cross-sectional study. It is planned that after 2008 (the second ESWT), the survey will be repeated once every four years.